2019年自贡市15~69岁常住居民健康素养水平及影响因素分析

Analysis on Health Accomplishment Level and Influencing Factors of Permanent Residents Aged 15 to 69 in Zigong City in 2019

目的了解自贡市居民健康素养现状和影响因素,提升居民健康素养水平,为政府制定健康促进政策提供科学依据。方法采用分层多阶段、PPS、整群抽样相结合的方法,2019年抽取自贡市42个社区/村共2204名15~69岁常住居民进行调查,并对调查结果进行描述性统计分析。结果经复杂抽样加权调整后,自贡市健康素养水平为18.05%,其中健康基本知识与理念素养水平为18.72%,健康生活方式与行为素养水平为20.03%,基本健康技能素养水平为22.04%;在6类问题中健康科学观素养水平为48.14%,传染病防治素养水平为24.23%,慢性病防治素养水平为14.93%,安全与急救素养水平为37.93%,基本医疗素养水平为21.87%,健康信息素养水平为16.42%;多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示居民健康素养可能的影响因素中,城乡(OR=1.032,95%CI:1.063~1.677)、年龄(OR=0.830,95%CI:0.749~0.9640)、文化程度(OR=1.729,95%CI:1.520~1.967)、职业(OR=1.093,95%CI:1.015~1.166)、家庭年收入(OR=1.317,95%CI:1.022~1.296),为居民健康素养影响因素。结论自贡市居民健康素养水平处于稳步提升过程中,但部分群体的素养水平仍需要大力提升,应针对重点人群和薄弱知识点开展健康教育。

Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of health accomplishment of residents in Zigong city,to improve the level of health accomplishment of residents,and to provide scientific basis for the government to formulate promotion policies of health.Methods In 2019,a total of 2204 permanent residents aged 15-69 in 42 communities/villages in Zigong city were selected by stratified multi-stage,PPS and cluster sampling method,and descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on the survey results.Results after the weighted adjustment of complex sampling,the health accomplish level of the Zigong city was 18.05%,of which the level of basic health knowledge and concept literacy was 18.72%,the healthy lifestyle and literacy level of behavior was 20.03%,and the literacy level of basic health skills was 22.04%.Among the six problems,the science concept level of health was 48.14%,the accomplishment level of infectious disease prevention and treatment was 24.23%,of chronic disease prevention and treatment was14.93%,the safety and first aid literacy level was 37.93%,the basic medical literacy level was 21.87%,and the health information literacy level was 16.42%.The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that urban and rural areas,age,education level,occupation and family annual income were the influencing factors of residents’health literacy,including urban and rural areas(OR=1.032,95%CI:1.063-1.677),age(OR=0.830,95%CI:0.749~0.9640),education level(OR=1.729,95%CI:1.520-1.967),and occupation OR=1.093,95%CI:Annual household income(OR=1.317,95%CI:1.022~1.296).Conclusion The health literacy level of residents in Zigong city is in the process of steady improvement,but the literacy level of some groups still needs to be improved vigorously.Health education should be carried out for key groups and weak points of knowledge.