飞行参数对结荚期花生航空施药雾滴沉积特性的影响

Effects of flight parameters on the deposition characteristics of airborne spray droplets of peanut during pod-forming period

花生结荚期是提高花生群体质量、促进产量形成的关键阶段,此时正值高温高湿期,容易遭受病虫害的影响,在这一时期做好病虫害防控对于花生高产具有重要意义。为探究花生结荚期使用植保无人机施药时,飞行参数对雾滴沉积特性的影响,采用三因素五水平的正交试验方法,研究极飞P30植保无人机飞行高度、飞行速度、喷药量对雾滴覆盖率、雾滴沉积密度和雾滴沉积量的影响。极差分析结果表明,飞行高度为2 m、飞行速度为3.5 m/s、喷药量为15000 mL/hm 2时雾滴覆盖率和雾滴沉积量最优,分别为5.48%、0.448μL;飞行高度为2.5 m、飞行速度为3.5 m/s、喷药量为15000 mL/hm 2时雾滴沉积密度最优;并得出飞行参数对雾滴沉积影响的主次顺序。使用SPSS对试验结果进行方差分析,结果表明,喷药量对雾滴沉积特性的影响均为极显著。本试验可为花生结荚期进行植保无人机施药作业参数确定提供参考依据。

Peanut pod formation stage is a key stage to improve the quality of peanut population and promote the formation of peanut yield.It is during the high temperature and high humidity period,and it is easy to be affected by diseases and insect pests.The prevention and control of diseases and insect pests in this period is of great significance for peanut high yield.To explore the peanut podding stage using eppo unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)when applying pesticide,the influence of flight parameters on the droplets deposition features,this paper adopted the three factors five levels orthogonal test method,studied the extremely fly P30 eppo unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)flight altitude,flight speed,spraying volume per hectare of droplets coverage,the droplet deposition density and the influence of the droplets deposition quantity.The result of range analysis shows that when the flying height is 2 m,the flying speed is 3.5 m/s,and the spraying volume per hectare is 15000 mL,the fog drop coverage rate and the fog drop deposition amount are the optimal,which are 5.48%and 0.448μL respectively.When the flying height is 2.5 m,the flying speed is 3.5 m/s and the spraying volume per hectare is 15000 mL,the droplet deposition density is optimal.The order of influence of flight parameters on droplet deposition was obtained.SPSS was used to analyze the variance of the test results,and the results showed that the influence of spraying volume per hectare on the deposition characteristics of fog drops was extremely significant.This experiment can provide reference for the parameter determination of the application of UAVS in peanut pod bearing stage.