基于物联网的畜禽舍环境远程监控和评判系统研究

Research on remote monitoring and evaluation system of livestock and poultry house environment based on Internet of Things

畜禽舍环境对家畜的生长、发育和繁殖有重要影响,为准确评价猪舍环境状况,降低畜禽养殖风险,研究一种基于物联网的猪舍环境远程监控和评价系统,实现对猪舍内多环境因子的远程采集与控制、数据存储、数据分析等功能。通过分析母猪对猪舍环境适宜度的要求,选取温度、相对相对湿度、氨气、二氧化碳和硫化氢作为评判指标,建立猪舍环境适宜度评判指标体系,采用岭形分布的隶属度函数计算评价矩阵,运用改进的层次分析法确定评价因素的权重集,以江苏某生猪养殖场采集的24组数据为例,通过模糊综合评判得到母猪舍环境适宜度等级,评判结果为Ⅲ级(适宜)和Ⅱ级(中等),分别占样本数量的75%和25%。模糊综合评判方法能够全面合理反映猪舍环境真实状况,评判结果可为猪舍环境精准调控提供决策支持。

The environment of livestock house affects the growth,development and reproduction directly in livestock breeding.To evaluate the pig house environmental situations acutely and reduce the risk in livestock breeding,a remote monitoring and evaluation system was developed to collect and control the multiple environment factors,store and analyze them.Through the analysis of environmental suitability requirements of lactating sows,temperature,relative humidity,ammonia,carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide were selected as evaluation indexes,and thus the evaluation index system was established.The evaluation matrix was calculated with ridge-shape membership function,and the weight sets were determined by improved analytical hierarchy process to obtain the evaluation results of suitability.The presented method was verified using 24 groups of environmental data collected,and the evaluation results were III(suitable)and II(medium),accounting for 75%and 25%of the total sample,respectively.The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method could reasonably reflect the real situation of the pig house environment,which provided decision support for precise control of piggery environment.