新时期创新政策转型思路与重点:以补短板为主向同时注重锻长板转变

The Framework and Priority of Innovation Policy Transformation in the New Era:From Improving Weaknesses to Boosting Strengths

面对新一轮技术变革加速和逆全球化抬头,在迈向技术创新前沿国家和深度融入全球创新网络的进程中,中国已进入创新体系和创新政策的深刻转型阶段,迫切需要加快完善创新驱动发展的体制机制,全面提升创新的质量和效率。当前,影响本土技术升级和技术创新水平的主要因素包括技术差距、产业生态复杂度、资本密集度和市场需求复杂度等。这些因素是自主创新能否成功的必要条件,政府要正确、有效地发挥作用,必须认识到政策的局限性和着力点的变化。面对新的国内外发展形势,中国创新政策必须转型以适应新要求、应对新挑战。技术创新的政策目标应努力实现从“技术追赶”向“技术领跑”、从以补短板为主向同时注重锻长板转变。国家科技发展应着眼长远“向前看”,要以坚实的基础研究和应用研究作为形成局部技术领跑领域的技术支撑,形成更高水平开放与融合的环境支撑,创新政策转型要更突出普惠性、竞争中性和包容性,夯实制度创新。

China is entering the great transition period with regard to innovation system and innovation policy,while facing the accelerated technological change and reverse globalization,together with deeply integrating into the global innovation network.It is urgently necessary to speed up reforming the systems and mechanisms of innovation development and improving the quality and efficiency of innovation.The factors affecting indigenous technology upgrading and innovation capability are mainly including technology gap,industrial ecological complexity,capital intensity and market demand complexity,and these are the necessary conditions for the success of indigenous innovation.It is also necessary for the government to realize the limitation of policies,as well as the change of its focus while attempting to play its role correctly and effectively.Facing the new trends,China’s innovation policy must be transformed to meet new requirements and conquer new challenges.The policy goal of technological innovation should be changed from“technological catch-up strategy”to“technological leading strategy”,and from focusing on improving weaknesses to simultaneously focusing on boosting strengths.In other words,China’s S&T development should be forward-looking.Solid basic and applied research should be used as the technical support for indigenous technological advantages,and a higher level of openness and integration should be fostered.The transformation of innovation policies should be more inclusive,competitive,and inclusive by consolidating institutional innovation in the long run.