全球价值链参与对出口产品质量的影响

The Impact of Global Value Chains Participation on the Quality of a Firm’s Exports

基于微观企业数据,研究了全球价值链分工对出口产品质量的影响,得到以下结论:从整体上看,企业GVC上游参与程度提高有助于提升出口产品质量,而下游参与程度提高阻碍了出口产品质量的提升。从分组检验中看,企业GVC上游参与度提高对出口产品质量有稳健的正效应;而下游参与度提高的效应对于不同特征的组别存在差异,加工贸易企业GVC下游参与度提高有利于产品质量的提高,而一般贸易企业GVC下游参与度提高不利于产品质量的提高;外资企业GVC下游参与度提高的质量效应较明显,而对于国有企业该效应较弱;低技术类型企业GVC下游参与度的提高有助于产品质量提升,而对中、高技术类型企业来说则有显著的负效应。文章还发现GVC下游参与通过"中间品效应"、"溢出效应"渠道提升了出口产品质量。

Based on the firm-level micro data,this paper conducts an empirical analysis to study the impact of global value chains participation on the quality of a firm’s exports.The following conclusions are obtained:On the whole,the participation of GVC upstream has a significant positive effect on the quality of a firm’s exports,the participation rate of GVC downstream has a significant negative effect on the quality of a firm’s exports;In the sub-sample regression,the participation of GVC upstream has a significant positive effect on the quality of a firm’s exports,but the effects of the participation rate of GVC downstream are significantly different among firms with different characteristics,the effect of processing trade enterprise on the quality of a firm’s exports is obviously positive,while negative to normal trade enterprises;For foreign-funded enterprises,the quality upgrading effect of the participation of GVC downstream is obvious,but the effect is weak for state-owned enterprises;The effect of low-tech enterprise on the quality of a firm’s exports is obviously positive,but the effect is obviously negative for medium-tech enterprise and high-tech enterprise.We also find that the participation of GVC downstream promotes the quality upgrading of export products through the way of intermediate import and enterprise R&D.