降雨诱发铁路边坡滑坡监测预警技术研究

Study on Monitoring and Early Warning Technology of Rainfall Induced Railway Slope Landslide

截至2019年末,我国铁路运营总里程已达13.9万公里以上,其中大部分铁路穿越山区、高原,地形构造复杂且地质灾害多发,极易在连续降雨或强降雨条件下触发边坡滑坡,对铁路的运营安全和沿线居民的生命财产安全构成极大威胁。本文在分析降雨诱发铁路边坡滑坡机理的基础上,对我国滑坡监测预警技术的最新研究动态进行了较为全面的归纳总结,并对工程实践中各自展现出的优缺点进行了评述,同时也指出群防群治、人工调查、气象预警等传统预警手段在滑坡监测预警技术高速发展背景下仍具有不可替代的价值。本研究将为改善现有铁路边坡变形监测体系和实现边坡滑坡多层次预警提供参考。

The total mileage of China’s railway operation has exceeded 139,000 kilometers,most of which pass through mountainous areas and plateaus.The terrain and structure are complex and the geological disasters occur frequently.It is very easy to trigger slope landslides under the condition of continuous rainfall or heavy rainfall,which poses a great threat to the operation safety and the life and property safety of residents along the railway line.Based on the analysis of the mechanism of rainfall induced railway slope landslide,this paper comprehensively summarizes the latest research trends of landslide monitoring and early warning technology in China.The advantages and disadvantages of each technology in engineering practice are commented.It is pointed out that traditional early warning methods such as group prevention and treatment,artificial investigation and meteorological early warning are still under the background of rapid development of landslide monitoring technology,which has irreplaceable value.This study will provide reference for improving the existing monitoring system of railway slope deformation and realizing multi-level early warning of slope landslide.