英国核动力厂项目法规标准体系及监管理念研究

Research on Hierarchy of Legislation,Codes and Standards System and Ideas of Supervision of UK Nuclear Power Plant Project

随着英国核电项目的推进,深入研究英国项目核安全法规标准体系及监管理念尤为重要。英国项目核安全法规标准体系及监管理念特点与我国大不相同,值得研究、重视和借鉴。经过长期通用设计审查实践,本文主要研究和介绍英国核动力厂项目法规标准体系,并从通用设计审查的目的、监管部门、监管依据、审查要求、重要概念等10个维度开展研究分析,旨在通过不同维度的研究和论述客观展示其监管理念和特点。本文通过研究和项目实践,对英国核动力厂项目法规标准体系及监管理念特点进行概括总结,其特点主要包括:明确的监管原则和方法;监管方对设计方或执照申请方的指导要求;审查过程中重要的概念;对设计方或申请方选用设计标准规范的要求。

With the advancement of the UK nuclear power project,it is particularly important to study deeply the nuclear safety regulations and standards system and regulatory philosophy of the UK nuclear power project,which is different from China,and worth paying more attention and learning.After the long-period practice of the generic design assessment(GDA),the UK project hierarchy of legislation,codes and standards,and the ideas of supervision of UK regulators are provided in the paper.To reveal characteristics of the ideas of supervision of UK regulators,the research and analysis have been carried out on 10 aspects that include the purpose of GDA,regulators,supervision documents,requirements of review,key concepts,etc.,which is expected to reflect the features of the ideas of supervision of UK regulators.After research and project practice,this paper attempts to summarize the UK project hierarchy of legislation,codes and standards,and the ideas of supervision of UK regulators,the characteristics that consist of specific requirements and methods of supervision,guidance for requesting parties,key concepts,specific requirements for design codes and standards.