压水堆核电厂氚产生量的影响因素计算与分析

Calculation and Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Tritium Production in PWR

氚是核电厂正常运行期间向环境排放的放射性核素之一,研究氚的产生过程对环境影响评价有重要意义。本文以某三代压水堆核电厂为例,计算了不同因素对氚产生量的影响。结果表明:(1)239Pu和241Pu对堆芯三元裂变产生氚的贡献不可忽略;(2)硼稀释对冷却剂硼-10活化产氚量影响较大,不考虑硼释放得到的结果与考虑硼稀释的结果的比值为2.07;(3)中子注量率、冷却剂密度增大,氚的产生量均增大。

Tritium is one of the radionuclides discharged into the environment during the normal operation of nuclear power plants.It is of great significance to study the production process of tritium for environmental impact assessment.Taking a third-generation pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant as an example,the effects of different influencing factors on tritium production were calculated.The results show that:(1)the contributions of 239Pu and 241Pu to tritium produced by ternary fission of reactor core cannot be ignored.(2)Boron dilution has a great influence on the activation and tritium production of boron-10 as a coolant.The ratio between the results obtained without considering boron release and those with boron dilution is 2.07.(3)With the increase of neutron flux rate and coolant density,the production of tritium increases.