有色金属尾矿对环境的污染特点及治理措施研究

Pollution characteristics and treatment measures of nonferrous metal tailings to environment

有色金属开发过程中不可避免地会产生大量尾矿,且尾矿中包含有很多重金属元素。重金属元素时间长久后会逐渐发生迁移,进而对附近空气、水质和土壤等造成严重的污染。针对有色金属尾矿库的基本情况进行了简要介绍,对水质、土壤以及空气辐射情况进行了检测。结果发现,重金属元素对水质的污染以及空气辐射问题的影响相对较轻,基本在安全范围以内,铅、镉和铜三种重金属元素对土壤的污染相对较为严重。基于上述问题,从管理层面和技术层面提出了对应的防范和治理措施。

A large number of tailings will inevitably be produced in the process of non-ferrous metal development,and tailings contain many heavy metal elements.After a long time,heavy metal elements will gradually migrate,which will cause serious pollution to the air,water quality and soil nearby.This paper briefly introduces the basic situation of nonferrous metal tailings pond,and tests the water quality,soil and air radiation.The results showed that the impact of heavy metal elements on water pollution and air radiation was relatively light,basically within the safe range,and the pollution of lead,cadmium and copper on soil was relatively serious.Based on the above problems,the corresponding prevention and control measures are put forward from the management level and the technical level.