银行国际化的动机演变与经济影响:文献综述

Motivation Evolutions and Economic Impacts of Bank Internationalization:A Literature Review

本文基于传统公司国际化理论中的商业网络理论和折衷理论范式,以跨国公司和跨国银行的联系与差异为起点,从金融服务需求、市场寻求、优化风险收益关系等方面全面梳理了银行国际化动机。研究发现,银行国际化受到多元动机驱动,并且其动机在后续经营学习过程中存在动态变化。本文进一步从促进实体企业发展和金融行业自身发展这两个角度,就银行国际化经营对相关主体可能产生的经济影响进行了梳理归纳。总体而言,银行国际化对跨国银行自身、东道国实体企业、银行业以及金融体系稳定性,均可能存在积极与消极两个方面的影响;总效应则取决于流出国和东道国具体的经济状况和监管制度差异,以及银行自身异质性等因素,本文也讨论了发达市场和新兴市场银行业在金融危机前后的动态变化。

Based on the business network theory and the eclectic theory paradigm in the traditional corporate internationalization theory,this paper,starting from the connection and difference between transnational corporations and banks,summarizes the motivations of banks'internationalization from the aspects of financial service demands,market searches and optimization of risk-return relationship.Previous studies show that the internationalization of banks is driven by multiple motivations and has dynamic changes along with the subsequent management learning processes.This paper further summarizes the possible economic impact of banks'international operations on multiple related subjects from the perspectives of promoting the development of enterprises and financial industry itself.In general,the internationalization of banking industry may have positive and negative impacts on transnational banks themselves,host country entity enterprises,entire banking industry and systemic financial risks,and its total effect is decided by the economic conditions of the home and host countries,the differences in regulatory systems,the heterogeneity of banks themselves.The dynamic changes in developed and emerging markets before and after the financial crisis are also been discussed.