残疾人视角的无障碍设施低使用率研究--以南京市为例

STUDY ON THE LOW UTILIZATION FREQUENCY OF BARRIER-FREE FACILITIES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES:WITH NANJING CITY AS AN EXAMPLE

相较于发达国家,我国近40年的无障碍设施建设总体滞后,完善无障碍设施的空间布局与提升其使用效率已成为空间规划中社会公平的重要内容,也是以人民为中心的重要体现。基于此,本文从个体因素、社会经济因素、行为活动因素和建成环境因素等四个方面对南京市残疾人无障碍设施使用率展开分析,进一步结合深度访谈及实地调查情况,分析其影响因素。研究结果显示,残疾人的个体生理因素对其使用无障碍设施的频率并无显著的影响,而社会经济因素、行为活动因素对残疾人使用无障碍设施的频率有一定的影响,建成环境因素对残疾人使用无障碍设施频率的影响最为显著。基于此,本文提出我国无障碍设施建设应实现从"建成度"向"可使用性"的目标转换。

China lags behind Western developed countries in the construction of barrier-free facilities in the past forty years.To improve the spatial layout and enhance the utilization of barrier-free facilities is of great importance to achieve social justice and equality during spatial planning and people-centered development.Based on above,this paper analyzes the utilization frequency of barrier-free facilities from perspectives of individual factor,socio-economic factor,daily travel behavior factor,and built environment factor,by using logistic regression model.In addition,combining the in-depth interview and field trip,this paper analyzes the factors influencing to the utilization of barrier-free facilities.The results show that the physiological factor has no significant influence on the utilization frequency;the socio-economic factor and daily travel behavior factor have some influence on the utilization frequency;and the built environment significantly affects the utilization frequency.Therefore,it is suggested to transform the goal from"completion degree"to"availability"to achieve a barrier-free environment.