浅谈高校肺结核疫情特点及防控对策

Talking about the characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in colleges and universities and its prevention and control countermeasures

目的探讨高校肺结核疫情的特点及防控对策。方法选择72例大学生结核病患者,分析其症状分布特征与肺结核发现途径,为疫情防控提供指导。结果72例患者中,男46例,女26例;以咳嗽、咳痰为主要症状,比例为54.17%,而无明显症状的患者的比例也高达41.67%。72例患者中,24例(33.33%)为入学体检时发现,26例(36.11%)为因症状就医时发现,19例(26.39%)为毕业体检时发现,余下3例(4.17%)为通过密切接触者筛查出。而在入学与毕业体检时共发现43例,占比高达59.72%。结论做好高校肺结核筛查,建立完整的信息反馈制度,主动发现潜在的结核病病例,控制传染源是高校肺结核防控工作的重点。

Objective To discuss the characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in colleges and universities and its prevention and control countermeasures.Methods There were 72 cases of college students with tuberculosis,and their symptom distribution characteristics and tuberculosis detection methods to provide guidance for epidemic prevention and control.Results Among 72 patients,there were 46 males and 26 females;the main symptoms were cough and sputum,the proportion was 54.17%,and the proportion of patients without obvious symptoms was as high as 41.67%.Among the 72 cases,24 cases(33.33%)were found during medical examination,26 cases(36.11%)were found in medical examination due to symptoms,19 cases(26.39%)were found during graduation physical examination,and the remaining 3 cases(4.17%)were found by close contacts.A total of 43 cases were found during the entrance and graduation physical examination,accounting for 59.72%.Conclusion Doing a good job of tuberculosis screening in colleges and universities,establishing a complete information feedback system,proactively detecting potential tuberculosis cases,and controlling the source of infection are the focus of the prevention and control of tuberculosis in colleges and universities.