废旧弹药中HTPB基胶粘剂体系生物降解研究

Study on biodegradation of HTPB based adhesive system in waste ammunition

为实现HTPB基胶粘剂体系的生物降解,以其为唯一碳源,从活性污泥和污染的土壤中分离筛选出各一降解菌株。研究结果表明:两菌株分别属于气微菌属和节杆菌属,其最佳培养条件为:可溶性淀粉为碳源、牛肉膏为氮源、培养基初始pH为7,Ca^2+、Na^+、Mg^2+等金属离子有利于菌株生长。该菌株能够通过分泌水解、蛋白酶、尿素酶和酯酶破坏聚氨酯中的羰基、脲键和醚键,45 d材料的失重率大于12%;生物降解后,材料的热失重主要来源于HTPB基软段的热解。

In order to realize the biodegradation of HTPB based adhesive system,each biodegradable bacterium was isolated from activated sludge and contaminated soil with HTPB as the sole carbon source.The research results showed that the two strains belonged to Aeromicrobium and Arthrobacter respectively,and the optimal culture conditions were as follows:soluble starch was carbon source,beef paste was nitrogen source,initial pH of culture medium was 7,metal ions such as Ca^2+,Na^+,Mg^2+were favorable for strain growth.The strain could destroy carbonyl,urea and ether bonds in polyurethane by secreting hydrolysis,protease,urease and esterase,the weight loss rate of the material was more than 12%in 45 days.After biodegradation,the thermal weight loss of the material mainly came from the pyrolysis of HTPB based soft segment.