大数据时代个人信息权益共享机制研究

The Sharing Mechanism of Personal Information Rights in the Era of Big Data

大数据时代,个人信息作为信息经济的重要组成部分,其社会公共属性越来越强,在政府社会管理、企业经营以及保护第三方权益中都扮演着重要的角色。但在收集、处理、使用个人信息的过程中,各方主体之间存在信息权益冲突,迫切需要规范层面提供协调机制。虽然我国相关立法已经有所尝试,但尚未有具体的操作规范。欧盟《一般数据保护条例》对正当利益优先保护的规定,体现出欧盟在调节各方信息权益时的权衡和取舍。我国立法应借鉴《一般数据保护条例》关于信息数据权益使用的规制,构建信息主体、国家机关、企业、第三方利益者四方主体共享的个人信息权益体系,以妥善解决各方主体之间的权益冲突。

In the era of big data,personal information,as an important part of the information economy,has an obvious social public attribute.It plays an important role in public administration,enterprise operation and the protection of the rights and interests of third parties.However,in the process of collecting,processing and using personal information,there are conflicts of rights and interests among the parties.It is urgent to have a coordination mechanism which is formulated by the regulative authorities.Although efforts have been made by China’s legislative authorities,we do not have our own regulation.The EU General Data Protection Regulations(GDPR)gives priority to the protection of legitimate rights and interests,which reflects the spirit of compromising and balancing.On the basis of GDPR,China’s legislature should establish a regulation for the rights and interests of personal information,which defines the relationship between the information owners,state organs,enterprises and third-party stakeholders,so as to solve the conflicts of rights and interests among the parties.