明清易代时期的士人立场:李渔的隐逸心态

Li Yu’s Reclusive Mentality:Scholars’Standpoint During the Transition from the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty

明清易代对于明代士人来说,既是一场政治鼎革,也是一场内心挣扎,摆在这些旧朝士人面前的道路并不多。隐逸、出仕、殉节无疑是最具代表性的三种方式。李渔作为在明朝没有出仕的读书人,其在易代之际的选择耐人寻味,他既没有选择殉节,也没有选择出仕,而他选择的隐逸之路也别具一格:不合作、不抵抗,同时又不得不依附新朝权贵为稻粱谋。在其小说《连城璧》《十二楼》中集中体现了李渔的这种隐逸心态,这也是一种独特的隐逸方式。

The transition from the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty was not only a political reform,but also an inner struggle for the scholars of the Ming Dynasty.There were few choices for these scholars of the Ming Dynasty.Living in seclusion,becoming an official and sacrificing one’s life were undoubtedly the three most representative choices.Li Yu did not become an official in the Ming Dynasty,his choice at this time was very intriguing.He did not choose to die for the Ming Dynasty or become an official in the Qing Dynasty.His choice of seclusion was also unique:neither cooperation nor resistance,however,he had to rely on the influential officials of the Qing Dynasty for making a life.Li Yu’s reclusive mentality was embodied in his novels,Lian Cheng Bi and Shi Er Lou,also a unique way of reclusion.