膝关节软骨损伤的手术治疗进展

Progress in surgical treatment of cartilage injury of knee joint

关节软骨是关节表面的一层透明软骨或纤维软骨。由于软骨缺乏神经、血管和淋巴以及祖细胞数量不足,医务人员曾一度认为关节软骨一旦发生损伤,就不可能获得修复。随着自然科学领域的发展,其不可再生的观念逐渐被打破。目前外科手术治疗已成为国内外治疗软骨损伤的主要方式,包括微骨折术、骨软骨移植术、自体软骨细胞移植术等技术。这些技术虽然都能一定程度恢复关节软骨损伤,但各自存在缺点及适用范围。未来随着组织工程的发展,软骨修复或将得到进一步发展。

The cartilage of the knee joint is a layer of hyaline cartilage on the surface of the joint.Due to the lack of nerves,capillary,lymphocytes,as well as progenitor cells,medical staff once thought that once the articular cartilage was damaged,it would be impossible to repair.With the development of natural science,the standpoint of non-renewable is gradually broken.At present,surgical treatment has become the main way to treat cartilage injury at home and abroad,including microfracture surgery,osteochondral transplantation,autologous chondrocyte transplantation and so on.Although these techniques can restore articular cartilage injury to a certain extent,they also have their own advantages and disadvantages,and have their own scope of application.With the development of tissue engineering,cartilage repair may be further developed in the future.