从建筑的类型到空间的类型--城市空间作为历史传承的载体

From Building Typologies to Space Typologies:Urban Space as the Carrier of History Inheritance

通过对新理性主义代表人物罗西、温格斯、克里尔的类型学概念及设计实践的比较分析发现,罗西的类型学是城市建筑的类型学,温格斯在实践上完成了建筑类型与城市空间类型的统一,克里尔则专注于城市空间的类型。罗西和克里尔反映了城市研究的两种极致,温格斯介于他们之间,实现了建筑类型与空间类型的统一。三种不尽相同的类型学都为城市空间研究以及空间传统的传承提供了方法。在2020年同济大学硕士研究生毕业设计中,以上海老城厢更新改造为题,证明这种基于建筑类型建构城市空间类型,并使空间重新获得类型学品质的可能。实验结果验证了这种类型学方法的普适价值,以及空间特征的可传承性。

A comparative analysis of typology concepts and design practices from representative Neo-rationalists,such as Aldo Rossi,Oswald Mathias Ungers and Leon Krier.found Rossi's typology to be that of urban building,while Unger sunified building and urban space typologies in his practice,and Krier focused on an urban space typology.Rossi and Krier reflect two kinds of superlatives in urban studies and Ungers stands between them.Ungers simultaneously extracted a building typology and created urban spaces by unifying building and space typologies.These three differentty pologies provide methods for the study of urban spaces and the inheritance of spatial traditions.This article reviews the main contents of three 2020 master theses that selected the reconstruction of the Shanghai Old Town as their subject matter.These thesis proposals intend to prove the possibility of recovering urban spaces'typological quality by there construction of urban space typology based on building typology.This experimental study verifies the universal value of the typological methods and the inheritability of urban space characteristics.