砂田西瓜矿质养分吸收规律

Study on macronutrients absorption of watermelon in gravel-mulched field

以‘金城5号’西瓜为试验材料,在砂田西瓜优化施肥基础上,研究了砂田西瓜氮、磷、钾养分需求规律。结果表明,砂田西瓜全生育期单株总干物质生物量为362.90 g,单株氮、磷、钾矿质元素总需求量为12.01 g,其中,单株N、P2O5、K2O养分总吸收量分别为5.44 g、0.55 g、6.02 g,吸收比例为1∶0.10∶1.11。砂田西瓜不同生育时期N、P2O5、K2O吸收比例,苗期为1∶0.08∶0.70,伸蔓期为1∶0.07∶0.54,坐果期为1∶0.03∶0.70,膨果期为1∶0.12∶1.26。综上所述,砂田西瓜在坐果前以氮素吸收为主,坐果后以钾素吸收为主。

Taking‘Jincheng No.5’watermelon variety as the test material,based on optimum fertilization of watermelon in gravel-mulched field,the nutrient requirements of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of watermelon were studied.The results showed that the total dry matter biomass per plant in the whole growth period in the gravel-mulched field was 362.90 g,and the total mineral element requirements of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium per plant were 12.01 g.Among them,the total nutrient uptake of N,P2O5 and K2O per plant was 5.44 g,0.55 g and 6.02 g,respectively,and the absorption ratio was 1︰0.10︰1.11.The absorption ratio of N,P2O5 and K2O in different growth stages was 1︰0.08︰0.70 in seedling stage,1︰0.07︰0.54 in extending stage,1︰0.03︰0.70 in setting stage,1︰0.12︰1.26 in expanding stage.In summary,nitrogen was mainly absorbed before fruit setting,and potassium was mainly absorbed after fruit setting.