丝路双声音乐及其文化阐释

Double-tone Music on the Silk Road and Its Cultural Interpretation

流行于欧亚大陆的人声双声、人—器双声、器乐双声的共性特点为:循环呼吸、"公—母"相称、与神话伴生、依存于宗教仪式。"循环呼吸法"的本质是借表演来象征世间万物遵循春华秋实生生不息的节律。公-母双声与"上—下"二元体现了手段与意义的关系,其地形学意义的彰显深化了人类面对生死困惑寻求再生的理性与宗教诉求。双声乐器形态从人声双声→人器双声→并置双声→组合双声的历时演变,与神话中神的形象演变一起承担对于神话意义的解释功能。神话、双声乐器、循环呼吸吹奏技法、"公—母"称谓四者借助神话与仪式之间内在同一性,通过外部接触与内部联系在信仰—仪式一体中实现"持久不灭"地传递。

Double-tone music–human,human-instrumental,and instrumental alone–popular in Western Asia,Central Asia and China feature circulated breath,male-female names,linked with myth and religious rituals.We can interpret their mythic meanings from the changes of their shapes,which is accompanied by both the changes in history and in gods’shapes.