相变储能冷却系统中储液器的设计与实验研究

Design and experiment research of the liquid accumulator in compact phase-change energy storage refrigeration system

相变储能冷却系统是用于短时大功率电子设备热管理的重要技术,系统在工作过程中的温度压力控制是该系统在应用过程中急需解决的问题。以NH3为制冷工质,针对10 kW热源的储能冷却系统中储液器进行理论分析和设计计算,建立相应的实验台,测试其运行特性。结果表明,储液器作为该系统的定压设备,在动力设备和热源启动及运行过程中,对系统循环工质起到补充和存储作用。储液器的压力波动随热源功率的增加而增大,随储液器和管路容积比的增大而减小。当储液器和管路系统的容积比为1.48时,热源运行期间温度波动仅为1.2℃。在热源受到扰动时,储液器和储能器的耦合工作特性能有效抑制系统的温度压力波动。

Compact phase-change energy storage refrigeration system,which cools the short-time high-power electronic appliances directly,is an important thermal management system.The effective control of the temperature and pressure in the working process is the main problem to be solved during the application of the system cooling a high power heat source.In this work,theoretical analysis,design and calculation of the liquid accumulator for the energy storage refrigeration system of 10 kW heat source with NH3 as the refrigerating working medium was studied theoretically,and the experimental platform for the experimental research was also built up.The results showed that the liquid accumulator,as the constant pressure equipment of the system,played a role of replenishing and storing the working medium of the storage system during the system start-up and operation.The pressure fluctuation in the accumulator was related to heat addition,evaporation temperature,volume of reservoir and initial system pressure.The temperature fluctuation of the heat source during operation was only 1.2℃,as the volumetric ratio of accumulator to system of 1.48.The coupled working characteristics of the condensing reservoir and the accumulator can restrain the temperature and pressure fluctuation of the system,when the heat source was disturbed.