考虑蓄电池寿命损耗的最优船舶储能系统调度

Optimal Management of Shipboard Energy Storage System Considering Battery Lifetime Degradation

随着电力推进技术的进步,全电船舶已成为未来船舶设计的主要趋势。为保证全电船舶的功率平衡,蓄电池作为一种能量缓冲设备,逐渐应用于船舶设计运行中。但船舶负荷相比于陆地微电网负荷变化更剧烈,可能导致船舶储能系统频繁的深度充放电,造成储能系统寿命损失。为延长船舶储能系统使用寿命,该文针对全电船舶运行提出一种考虑蓄电池寿命损耗的经济调度模型。该模型以船舶运行费用为目标函数,温室气体排放,船舶发电系统,航程管理等为约束。经过约束松弛后,所提模型转化为两层优化问题,并利用列与约束生成算法进行求解。对某4机全电船舶的实际航行算例分析表明,文中所提模型可有效提高船舶蓄电池的使用寿命,提高全电船舶的经济/环保效益,有益于构建未来绿色航运体系。

With the development of electric-propulsion technology, all-electric ships(AESs) become the trend of future ship design. As an energy buffer, the battery is gradually implemented into the shipboard applications to balance the generation and demand. However, the variations of shipboard load profile are larger than the land-based microgrids, which may result in deep discharging/charging and introduce severe lifetime degradation. To extend the battery lifetime, this paper proposed an optimal management of shipboard energy storage system considering battery lifetime degradation. The proposed model is under the constraints of greenhouse gas(GHG) emission, shipboard generation, navigation management, and towards the objective of operating cost minimization. After constraint relaxation, the proposed model is reformulated into a bi-level optimization problem and solved by the column and constraints generation(C&CG) method. A real-world navigation of a 4-DGs AES is set as the test case, and the analysis demonstrates that the proposed method is able to extend the battery lifetime, as well as improving the economic/environmental indexes of AESs, which has benefits to the future green navigation.