间充质干细胞在周围神经损伤修复中的研究进展

Research progress of mesenchymal stem cells in peripheral nerve injury repair

周围神经损伤(PNI)是一种重要的临床并发症,给患者带来长期的身心痛苦和经济负担,且目前没有令人满意的治疗方案。尽管显微外科技术有了很大的发展,一些因为外力致周围神经缺损或断裂的患者可通过手术或神经移植进行修复,但由于神经细胞再生能力弱,手术操作又可能对受损神经再次造成牵拉损伤,患者的功能恢复未必能达到理想效果。因此,寻求一种安全、有效的治疗PNI的方法迫在眉睫。间充质干细胞具备特殊的分化潜能,能在体外与体内分化为多种细胞类型,特别是能分化为神经细胞,受到了研究者的普遍关注。总结间充质干细胞在神经损伤修复方面的最新研究成果,从间充质干细胞的特性、功能及在周围神经损伤修复中的作用机制进行综述。

Peripheral nerve injury(PNI)is an important clinical complication,which brings long-term physical and psychological pain and economic burden to patients.There is no satisfactory treatment plan for PNI.Although microsurgery technology has been greatly developed,some peripheral nerve defects or ruptures caused by external forces can be repaired by surgery or nerve transplantation.However,due to the weak ability of nerve cell regeneration and surgical operations may cause damage to the injured nerves,the patient's functional recovery may not be able to achieve the desired effect.Therefore,it is urgent to find a safe and effective method to treat PNI.Mesenchymal stem cells have special differentiation potential and can differentiate into a variety of cell types in vitro and in vivo,and have received widespread attention from researchers.In this paper,the research progress of mesenchymal stem cells in nerve injury repair was summarized,and the characteristics,functions of mesenchymal stem cells and the mechanism of action in peripheral nerve injury repair were reviewed.