光催化诱蚊灯与BG-trap捕蚊器诱蚊效果比较研究

Mosquito-trapping effect of photocatalysis mosquito lamp versus BGtrap mosquito lamp

目的评价光催化诱蚊灯与BG-trap捕蚊器的诱蚊效果,为登革热媒介伊蚊监测提供更有效的方法。方法2019年8-9月,在山东省泰安市岱岳区按不同地理位置选择城镇居民区、农户、轮胎厂、废品收购站4种生境各1处作为监测点,同时布放光催化诱蚊灯和BG-trap捕蚊器,2种诱蚊工具相隔距离100 m,于当日15:00接通电源,直至次日09:00收回。每月上、中、下旬各监测1次,捕获蚊虫带回实验室冷冻处死,分类鉴定、计数。采用Excel 2010、SPSS 16.0软件进行统计学分析,构成比(率)的比较采用χ^2检验。结果泰安市主要优势蚊种是白纹伊蚊和淡色库蚊。光催化诱蚊灯合计捕获雌蚊212只,以淡色库蚊为主(49.53%);BG-trap捕蚊器合计捕获雌蚊1 005只,以白纹伊蚊为主(55.32%)。2种诱蚊工具对不同蚊种捕获率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),BG-trap捕蚊器对白纹伊蚊、骚扰阿蚊捕获率高于光催化诱蚊灯,而光催化诱蚊灯对淡色库蚊、三带喙库蚊和中华按蚊捕获率高于BG-trap捕蚊器。轮胎厂捕蚊数量最多,优势种群是白纹伊蚊(65.22%);其次是农户,以淡色库蚊为主(47.40%)。淡色库蚊、白纹伊蚊、骚扰阿蚊捕获率在不同生境间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。轮胎厂BG-trap捕蚊器的捕获数占蚊虫总数量的65.90%,以白纹伊蚊为主(89.37%);农户2种诱蚊工具对白纹伊蚊、骚扰阿蚊、中华按蚊捕获率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),其中BG-trap捕蚊器对白纹伊蚊、骚扰阿蚊诱捕效果(捕获率分别为17.48%和12.59%)高于光催化诱蚊灯(捕获率均为2.74%),对中华按蚊诱捕效果(20.28%)低于光催化诱蚊灯(42.47%)。结论 BGtrap捕蚊器对白纹伊蚊捕获效果较好,推荐应用于登革热媒介伊蚊监测和孳生地调查研究。

Objective To investigate the mosquito-trapping effect of photocatalysis mosquito lamp versus BG-trap mosquito lamp, and to provide a more effective method for the surveillance of dengue vector Aedes. Methods From August to September in 2019, one site each was selected from the four types of habitats of urban residential area, farm house, tire factory, and salvage station as the surveillance sites in Daiyue district of Tai’an in Shandong province, China, and photocatalysis mosquito lamp and BG-trap mosquito lamp were set up at the same time, with a distance of 100 m between the two types of mosquito lamps. Power supply was turned on at 15:00, and the lamps were collected at 09:00 on the next day. Surveillance was performed once in the first, middle, and last ten days of each month, and the mosquitoes were taken back to the laboratory and were frozen and sacrificed for taxonomic identification and counting. Excel 2010 and SPSS16.0 softwares were used for statistical analysis, and the χ^2 test was used for the comparison of composition ratio(rate). Results The dominant mosquito species were Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens in Tai’an. A total of 212 female mosquitoes were captured by photocatalysis mosquito lamp, mainly Cx. pipiens pallens(49.53%), and a total of 1 005 female mosquitoes were captured by BG-trap mosquito lamp, mainly Ae. albopictus(55.32%). There were significant differences in the trapping rates of different mosquito species between the two types of mosquito traps(all P<0.05);the BG-trap mosquito lamp had significantly higher trapping rates of Ae. albopictus and Armigeres subalbatus than the photocatalysis mosquito lamp, while the photocatalysis mosquito lamp had significantly higher trapping rates of Cx. pipiens pallens, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, and Anopheles sinensis than the BG-trap mosquito lamp. The highest number of mosquitoes were captured in the tire factory,with the dominant species of Ae. albopictus(65.22%), followed by the farm house, with the dominant species of Cx. pipiens pallens(47.40%). There were significant differences in the trapping rates of Cx. pipiens pallens, Ae. Albopictus, and Ar.subalbatus between different habitats(all P<0.05). For the tire factory, the mosquitoes trapped by BG-trap mosquito lamp accounted for 65.90% of all mosquitoes, mainly Ae. albopictus(89.37%);for the farm house, there were significant differences in the trapping rates of Ae. albopictus, Ar. subalbatus, and An. sinensis between the two types of mosquito traps(all P<0.05), and compared with the photocatalysis mosquito lamp, the BG-trap mosquito lamp had higher trapping rates of Ae. albopictus(17.48% vs 2.74%) and Ar. subalbatus(12.59% vs 2.74%) and a lower trapping rate of An. sinensis(20.28% vs42.47%). Conclusion BG-trap mosquito lamp has a relatively good trapping effect on Ae. albopictus, and it is recommended to be used in the surveillance of dengue vector Aedes and the investigation of breeding sites.