河南省2019年病媒生物监测报告

A surveillance report of vectors in Henan province,China,2019

目的了解2019年河南省病媒生物种群构成、密度及季节消长规律,为病媒生物防控提供科学依据。方法2019年河南省病媒生物监测工作中,鼠类监测采用夹夜法,1-12月单月监测;蚊虫监测采用诱蚊灯法,5-10月监测;蝇类采用诱蝇笼法,4-10月监测;蜚蠊采用粘捕法,1-12月单月监测。使用Excel 2010软件收集、整理数据,进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2019年河南省鼠类捕获率为0.44%,小家鼠为优势种;居民区、特殊行业和农村自然村捕获率分别为0.50%、0.32%和0.51%。蚊类平均密度为7.58只/(灯·夜),淡色库蚊为河南省优势种,其中牛棚和猪圈的蚊密度较高,分别为10.75和16.48只/(灯·夜)。蝇类平均密度为5.95只/笼,家蝇为河南省优势种,农贸市场蝇密度最高,为6.55只/笼。蜚蠊平均密度为0.14只/张,德国小蠊为优势种。结论掌握了2019年河南省病媒生物种群构成、密度及季节消长规律,为河南省病媒生物防制提供了科学依据。

Objective To investigate the species composition, density, and seasonal variation of vectors in Henan province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for vector prevention and control. Methods In the surveillance of vectors in Henan province in 2019, the night trapping method was used for rodent surveillance in January, March, May, July,September, and November;the lamp trapping method was used for mosquito surveillance from May to October;the trap cage method was used for fly surveillance from April to October;the sticky trap method was used for the surveillance of cockroaches in January, March, May, July, September, and November. Excel 2010 software was used for data collection, and a descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed. Results In 2019, the overall capture rate of rodents was 0.44%,with Mus musculus as the dominant species, and the capture rates in residential areas, special industries, and rural villages were 0.50%, 0.32%, and 0.51%, respectively. The mean density of mosquitoes was 7.58 mosquitoes/lamp·night,with Culex pipiens pallens as the dominant species, and the density of mosquitoes was relatively high in cowshed(10.75 mosquitoes/lamp·night) and pigsty(16.48 mosquitoes/lamp·night). The mean density of flies was 5.95 flies/cage, with Musca domestica as the dominant species, and farmers’ markets had the highest fly density of 6.55 flies/cage. The mean density of cockroaches was 0.14 cockroaches/cage, with Blattella germanica as the dominant species. Conclusion This report describes the species composition, density, and seasonal fluctuation of vectors in Henan province in 2019 and thus provides a scientific basis for the prevention and control of vectors in Henan province.