基于产业集聚视角下的中国制造业效率研究

Research on the Efficiency of China′s Manufacturing Industry from the Perspective of Industrial Agglomeration

制造业高质量发展是经济可持续健康发展的重要内容。本文采用我国2000-2016年省区层面制造业数据对制造业的效率和产业集聚效应进行测度,并就二者的关系进行实证研究。研究表明:(1)样本期内我国制造业发展表现为先集聚、再分散然后再小幅集聚的变动趋势。其中,东部地区制造业资源和劳动密集型产业向西部地区分散趋势明显,同时东部地区开始转而集聚高技术产业。(2)总体上我国制造业集聚促进了生产率的增长。其中,对资源和劳动密集产业,集聚对产业效率提升的影响效应要大于资本和技术密集型产业;产业高度集聚对制造业效率提升的影响效应并不明显,而产业中低度集聚对制造业纯技术效率的影响要大于规模效率的影响。

High quality development of manufacturing industry is an important part of sustainable and healthy economic development.This paper uses China′s provincial level manufacturing data from 2000 to 2016 to measure the efficiency and industrial agglomeration effect of manufacturing industry,and makes an empirical study of the relationship between them.The results show that:(1)the development trend of China′s manufacturing industry is first agglomeration,then decentralization.Among them,manufacturing resources and labor-intensive industries in the eastern region tend to disperse to the western region,while the eastern region begins to cluster high-tech industries.(2)On the whole,China′s manufacturing industry agglomeration promotes the growth of productivity,among them,for resource and labor-intensive industries,the impact of agglomeration on industrial efficiency is greater than that of capital and technology intensive industries;the impact of high industrial agglomeration on manufacturing efficiency is not obvious,while the impact of low industrial agglomeration on pure technical efficiency is greater than that of scale efficiency.