实现BBNJ划区管理工具制度中的海洋生态连通性--以“适当顾及”沿海国权益为路径

Realizing the Marine Ecological Connectivity in the BBNJ Area-based Management Tools--Paying“Proper Regard”to the Rights and Interests of Coastal Countries as a Path

联合国政府间会议经过前三届会议的协商,形成了一份“国家管辖范围外海域生物多样性”(以下简称BBNJ)养护和可持续性利用协定的草案。在BBNJ协议的划区管理工具制度中,由于海洋生态连通性给国家管辖范围内外的海域带来双向生态学影响,导致沿海国在BBNJ划区管理工具制度中的权益问题成为一项争议焦点。《联合国海洋法公约》确立的“适当顾及”原则业已提供了一种平衡海洋利益的思路,以“适当顾及”沿海国权益的路径平衡沿海国权益和其他国家权益,有助于BBNJ划区管理工具制度实现海洋生态连通性,达成BBNJ协议的保护目标,但是该路径还遗留一些程序性问题有待进一步研究。为了实现BBNJ划区管理工具制度中的海洋生态连通性,还需坚持生态系统方法,注重科学信息的收集和适用,并拓展更加有效的国际合作。

The United Nations Intergovernmental Meeting,after consultations in the previous three sessions,has formed a draft agreement on the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in the seas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction.In the area-based management tool system of the BBNJ agreement,due to the bi-directional ecological impact of marine ecological connectivity on the sea areas within and outside the national jurisdiction,the rights and interests of coastal countries in the BBNJ area-based management tool system have become a focus of dispute.The principle of“proper regard”established by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea has provided a way to balance the maritime rights and interests,and the rights and interests of coastal states and other countries can be balanced by the way of“proper regard”,which is helpful to realize the marine ecological connectivity in BBNJ area-based management tool system and protect the goal of the BBNJ agreement,but this way still leaves some procedural issues to be further studied.In order to realize the marine ecological connectivity in the BBNJ area-based management tool system,it is necessary to adhere to the ecosystem approach,focus on the collection and application of scientific information,and expand more effective international cooperation.