梅毒血清固定免疫机制的研究进展

Advances in immune mechanism of syphilis serofast

梅毒是一种由苍白密螺旋体引起的慢性感染性性传播疾病。多数梅毒患者经正规驱梅治疗后,非特异性抗体检查会转阴,但有些患者非特异性抗体血清试验仍保持一定滴度,这种现象称为血清固定。虽然目前对血清固定的产生原因有诸多理论,但确切的发生机制尚不清楚,严重影响了梅毒的诊断和治疗。最近有多个研究显示,梅毒血清固定患者外周血中存在CD4^+/CD8^+T细胞、Th1/Th2细胞、调节性T细胞(Treg细胞)与Th17细胞和自然杀伤(NK)细胞等异常。该文对血清固定和免疫细胞的关系做一综述,有望在常规驱梅治疗基础上,为制定个性化免疫干预治疗提供理论基础。

Syphilis is a chronic infectious sexually transmitted disease caused by treponema pallidum.After regular antisyphilitic treatment,the non-specific antibody test become negative in the majority of syphilitic patients,while in some patients,the non-specific antibody test still keeps a certain titer,that is the so-called serofast state.Although there are many theories about the causes of syphilis serofast,the exact mechanism is still unclear,which seriously affects the diagnosis and treatment of syphilis.A number of recent studies have demonstrated the abnormalities of immune cells in the peripheral blood of the syphilis patients with serofast state,which involves CD4+/CD8+cells,Th1/Th2 cells,Tregs/Th17 cells and NK cells.This article reviews the relationship between serofast and immune cells,which may provide a theoretical basis for the development of personalized immune intervention therapy based on the conventional treatment of syphilis.