医学生童年期心理虐待与忽视、心理韧性、生活满意度与手机成瘾的结构方程模型

Structural equation model of childhood psychological abuse and neglect,psychological resilience,life satisfaction and mobile phone addiction in medical students

目的探讨医学生童年期心理虐待与忽视,心理韧性及生活满意度与手机成瘾的关系,为医学生手机成瘾的预防和早期干预提供理论指导。方法2018年9月—2019年3月,采用一般信息问卷、手机依赖量表、儿童心理虐待与忽视量表、中文版心理韧性量表及生活满意度量表对广州市内712名医学生进行问卷调查。结果被调查者手机依赖评分为45.39±12.13,手机成瘾检出人数为180人,检出率为25.28%;心理韧性评分为60.69±14.46;心理虐待检出人数为240人,检出率为33.71%,忽视检出人数为321人,检出率为45.08%。手机成瘾发生率与性别、学习专业等因素有关。医学生手机成瘾与儿童心理虐待(r=0.324,P<0.01)、儿童忽视(r=0.238,P<0.01)呈正相关,与心理韧性(r=-0.135,P<0.01)、生活满意度(r=-0.190,P<0.01)呈负相关。结构方程模型显示,生活满意度对手机成瘾有直接(负向)效应(β=-0.081,P<0.01),儿童忽视对手机成瘾有直接(正向)效应(β=0.382,P<0.01),儿童心理虐待、心理韧性对手机成瘾仅有间接效应(间接效应为0.041、-0.036,均P<0.01)。结论医学生手机成瘾发生率较高,生活满意度对手机成瘾有显著的负向预测,儿童忽视对手机成瘾有显著的正向预测。儿童心理虐待和心理韧性则通过生活满意度的中介作用预测手机成瘾。

Objective To explore the relationship among childhood psychological abuse and neglect,psychological resilience,life satisfaction and mobile phone addiction in medical students,provide theoretical guidance for the prevention and early intervention of mobile phone addiction in medical students.Methods From September 2018 to March 2019,712 medical students from Guangzhou City were investigated with general data questionnaire,mobile phone dependence scale,child psychological abuse and neglect scale,Chinese version psychological resilience scale and life satisfaction scale.Results The score of mobile phone dependence among respondents was 45.39±12.13,and there were 180 students had mobile phone addiction,with the detection rate of 25.28%.The score of psychological resilience was 60.69±14.46,and there were 240 students had psychological abuse,with the detection rate of 33.71%,while there were 321 students had neglect,with the detection rate of 45.08%.The incidence of mobile phone addiction was related to factors such as gender,the major of learning.Mobile phone addiction of medical students was positively correlated with childhood psychological abuse(r=0.324,P<0.01),childhood neglect(r=0.238,P<0.01),and was negatively correlated with psychological resilience(r=-0.135,P<0.01)and life satisfaction(r=-0.190,P<0.01).The Structur al equation model showed that life satisfaction had a direct(negative)effect on mobile phone addiction(β=-0.081,P<0.01),childhood neglect had a direct(positive)effect on mobile phone addiction(β=0.382,P<0.01),and childhood psychological abuse and psychological resilience had only indirect effects on mobile phone addiction(indirect effect was 0.041 and-0.036 respectively,both P<0.01).Conclusion The cell phone addiction rate of medical students is high.Life satisfaction has a significant negative prediction on mobile phone addiction,and childhood neglect has a significant positive prediction on mobile phone addiction.Childhood psychological abuse and resilience could predict mobile phone addiction through the intermediary of life satisfaction.