“套路”的辨析与终结:以交易为名的违法犯罪之认定与治理

Discrimination and Termination of“Trick”:the Identification and Management of Illegal Crimes in the Name of Transaction

以商品交易、提供服务为幌子的违法犯罪在实践中屡屡出现,例如"套路贷""套路拍""套路鉴""套路购"等。此类行为的根本特征在于以交易之名行违法犯罪之实,以合法形式掩盖违法犯罪本质。认定此类行为要以哲学原理为指导,以常识、常情、常理为基础,从整体考察穿透局部事实、以客观行为分析主观方面,从而穿透"合法"民商事外观认定其违法犯罪的实质。治理此类犯罪,基于行为人角度,要从提高犯罪成本和降低犯罪所得两方面着手治理;基于被害人角度,要从事前、事中、事后三方面预防和制止。

Illegal crimes under the guise of commodity transactions and the provision of services have repeatedly appeared in practice,such as"trick loans","trick auctions","trick identification"and"trick purchases".The fundamental feature is that they are illegal and criminal in the name of transaction,and covers up illegal crimes in a legal form.The identification of such behaviors should be guided by philosophical principles,based on common sense and common sense,analyze local facts through the whole,objective behavior through subjective aspects,determine the essence of the crimes through the appearance of"legal"civil and commercial affairs.The treatment of this type of crime is based on the perpetrator’s perspective,which should be based on increasing the cost of crime and reducing the proceeds of crime;based on the victim’s perspective,it should be prevented and suppressed before,during and after the event.