两种造模方法致大鼠慢性肾病模型的肾功能及病理变化比较

Comparison of Renal Function and Pathological Changes in Rats with Chronic Nephropathy Induced by Two Methods

目的探究两种造模方法对大鼠慢性肾病模型的肾功能影响及病理改变。方法采用单侧肾切除+尾静脉重复注射阿霉素(ADR)法(A组)和二次尾静脉注射ADR法(B组)测定各组大鼠肾功能(血尿素氮、血肌酐)、血清白蛋白。光镜下观察各组大鼠肾脏的病理变化,并分别与正常对照组(N组)进行比较。结果在4、8、12周末,A、B组血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Cr)值均有显著上升(P<0.05),白蛋白降低(P<0.05),表现为低蛋白血症,部分大鼠合并腹腔积液。光镜下,A、B两组肾小球均有不同程度萎缩、硬化,肾小管受损不均,肾间质均出现炎性改变。单侧肾切除+重复尾静脉注射ADR诱导的肾脏损伤更为严重。结论单侧肾切除+重复尾静脉注射ADR诱导的慢性肾病模型与二次尾静脉注射ADR法,均可使大鼠成模,两种方法比较,单侧肾切除+重复尾静脉注射ADR诱导的病理改变相对较为典型。

Objective To explore the renal function and pathological changes of chronic kidney disease model in rats by two methods.Methods The methods of unilateral nephrectomy and repeated injection of adriamycin(ADR)into caudal vein(Group A)and second injection of ADR into caudal vein(Group B)were used.Under the light microscope,the renal pathological changes of rats in each group were observed and compared with the normal control group(Group N).Results At the end of 4,8,12 weeks,the blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and serum creatinine(CR)of group A and group B were significantly higher than those of group n(P<0.05),and the albumin of group A and group B was lower(P<0.05),showing hypoproteinemia.Some rats were complicated with ascites.Under the light microscope,the glomeruli of group A and group B were atrophic and sclerotic in varying degrees,the renal tubules were damaged unevenly,and the renal interstitium showed inflammatory changes.The renal injury induced by unilateral nephrectomy and repeated tail vein injection of ADR is more serious and typical.Conclusion The chronic nephropathy model induced by unilateral nephrectomy and repeated tail vein injection of adriamycin can change the renal function of rats.Compared with the two methods,the pathological changes induced by unilateral nephrectomy and repeated tail vein injection of adriamycin are more typical.