从能量角度探讨高强度间歇训练在高校短跑训练中的意义

Discussion about the Meaning of High Intensive Interval Training from an Energy Perspective in Short Distance Running for University Sports Teams

高强度间歇训练作为提高心肺功能与代谢功能的有效训练方式之一,是众多高校训练的首要选择。同时,运动中能量代谢的节省化是各教练员及运动员一直关注的问题。因此,该文以华南师范大学田径队短跑组男运动员为研究对象,通过控制高强度间歇训练的运动强度,利用心率及血乳酸作为有关反映指标,从能量代谢的角度深入探讨该种训练模式给短跑运动员所带来的益处,以期为指导高校运动员运动训练提供科学依据。研究发现:(1)心率的降低侧面反映迷走神经的激活及血管弹性的增加;(2)每搏输出量的增加及血乳酸浓度的减少反映更多的能量物质得到有效利用;(3)能量代谢途径的改善或是机体产生更少乳酸、清除乳酸能力提高的关键。

High intensive interval training(HIIT)has been considered to be one of the most effective means to enhance the ability of cardiopulmonary function and metabolic function,which is the foremost choice for many university sports teams.Simultaneously,to reduce the depletion of energy during drilling has been a subject very close to coaches'and athletes'heart.Thus,some male student athletes who is majoring in short-distance running from South China Normal University track and field team are taken as research subjects here.By controlling the intensity of HIIT,and using heart rate and blood lactate as indicators,the research tries to look inside to the benefits of HIIT to sprinters from an energy perspective in order to provide scientific theories for student athletes training.In the light of study,it suggests that:(1)The decrease of heart rate indirectly reflects the activation of pneumogastric nerve and the increase in elasticity of blood vessels.(2)The rise of stroke volume and the descent of blood lactate concentration reflect that more energy substances are utilized effectively.(3)The modification of energy metabolism pathway may be the key to generate less blood lactate and enhance the ability to eliminate it.