查干湖大型底栖动物群落结构及与环境因子的关系

Community Structure of Macroinvertebrate and Its Relationship With Environmental Factors in Chagan Lake

2017年春季(4月)、夏季(7月)和秋季(10月)用1/16 m2的改良彼德森采泥器和规范方法分析了吉林省最大内陆湖泊——查干湖(124°03'~124°34',45°09'~45°30')大型底栖动物群落结构特征。结果表明,大型底栖动物的种类组成存在季节性差异,然而其功能摄食类群的季节性差异较小。三季中收集性状均是大型底栖动物群落中最优势的摄食性状,反映了大型底栖动物在湖泊有机物循环中的作用。冗余分析(RDA)结果表明:水温、水深、叶绿素a、总磷和溶解氧是影响大型底栖动物种类组成的关键环境因子;水深、溶解氧和总颗粒悬浮物是影响大型底栖动物功能摄食类群的主要因素。综上,基于物种组成和功能摄食类群组成的大型底栖动物群落特征对环境因子的响应进行评估,可以更好地了解其在湖泊生态系统中的功能。

Structural characteristics of macroinvertebrate communities were surveyed in the largest inland lake in Jilin Province,Chagan Lake(124°03'~124°34',45°09'~45°30')in the spring(April),summer(July)and autumn(October)of 2017 using a modified 1/16 m2 Peterson dredger method and Normative approach.Multivariate analyses showed that there was large variation in taxonomic functional composition using across seasons,with few differences in functional traits among seasons.In all seasons,gathering traits were the most common feeding traits within the benthic community,reflecting the role of macroinvertebrates in recycling organic matter in lakes.Redundancy analysis(RDA)indicated that macroinvertebrates species composition as community matrix showed the best correspondence with water temperature,water depth,and contents of chlorophyll a,total phosphorus and dissolved oxygen.However,the macroinvertebrates functional traits showed the best correspondence with water depth,and contents of dissolved oxygen and total suspended solids.In conclusion,assessing of the relationship between of taxonomic and functional composition of macroinvertebrates and environmental variables allows for a better understanding of how lake ecosystems function.