不同施肥处理条件下闽楠叶片精油组分GC/MS鉴定分析

GC/MS Identification and Analysis of Essential Oil Components of Phoebe bournei Leaves Under Different Fertilization Treatment Conditions

为提高闽楠叶片精油产率、品质,提升闽楠开发利用价值,对湖南省金洞林场四种不同施肥处理的五年生闽楠叶片进行精油提取和挥发性成分的GC/MS鉴定分析。结果表明:有机肥、复合肥、菌肥及不施肥处理90 d后的闽楠叶片精油产率分别为0.0957%、0.0850%、0.0709%、0.0767%。从有机肥、复合肥、菌肥和不施肥处理的叶片精油中分别检测出物质67种、72种、65种、66种。精油分离出的挥发性成分共包括烃类47种、醇类17种、醛类8种、萘类6种,酮类3种、酯类1种、呋喃类1种,其中四种处理的相同成分有51种,多为萜烯烃类和萜醇类,典型组分为牛儿烯,(+)-喇叭烯,(-)-α-蒎烯,δ-杜松烯,(+)-香橙烯等。精油中含氧化合物的总相对质量分数依次为19.58%(有机肥),19.51%(复合肥),13.07%(菌肥),17.52%(不施肥)。有机肥和复合肥可以提高闽楠叶片精油的产率和品质,菌肥会降低叶片精油产率和品质。

To provide basic data for the development and utilization of essential oils of Phoebe bournei and the improvement of the yield and quality of essential oils.Five-years-old leaves of Phoebe bournei treated with four kinds of fertilization treatments were collected from Jindong Forest Farm in Hunan Province.The essential oils were extracted and the volatile components were identified and analyzed by GC/MS.The results showed that the yields of essential oils of Phoebe bournei after 90 days of organic fertilizer,compound fertilizer,bacterial fertilizer and non-fertilization treatment were 0.0957%,0.0850%,0.0709%,0.0767%.The substances of leaves of the organic fertilizer,compound fertilizer,bacterial fertilizer and non-fertilizer treatment were 67,72,65 and 66 kinds,respectively.The volatile components isolated from the essential oil of Phoebe bournei include 47 hydrocarbons,17 alcohols,8 aldehydes,6 naphthalenes,3 ketones,1 ester,and 1 furan.There are 51 kinds of the same components in the four kinds of fertilized essential oils,most of which are olefins and sterols.The typical components included bicyclogermacren,(+)-ledene,(-)-α-pinene,δ-cadinene and aromandendrene,etc.The total relative content of oxygenates in essential oils is 19.58%(organic fertilizer),19.51%(complex fertilizer),13.07%(bacterial fertilizer),17.52%(no fertilizer).Organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer were able to improve the yield and quality of essential oil of Phoebe bournei,and the effect of organic fertilizer better.Also,the bacterial fertilizer will reduce the yield and quality of the essential oil of the leaves.