地方品质驱动新时期中国城市创新力时空演化

Local Quality of Place Drives the Spatio-temporal Evolution Pattern of China’s Urban Creative Ability in the New Era

针对2001—2016年中国地级市地方品质驱动创新力时空演化格局的研究表明:①2001年来地市创新力差异趋于持续扩大,且呈明显的阶段性变化,创新力差异自2008年来趋于缓慢下降,而创新力空间集聚性不断增强。②东部沿海地市存在稳定提升创新活力的多邻域创新极,中西部高创新力地市多位于经济实力较强的区域中心。③地市创新力演化存在固着的"核心-边缘"空间结构,且呈现出时变的累积与惯性效应,创新高增长协同发展态势整体较弱。④地方服务品质、消费品质、信息化水平、基础设施及医疗服务品质对创新力具有重要影响,地方环境品质、交通便利和吸纳外资品质的影响程度较弱。

Innovation in essence is driven by talent, while talent is driven by local quality of place. In this sense, local quality of place is an important logic of promoting urban innovation, which is conductible to improve the ability of technological innovation for the development of modern cities in the present and future.This article aims to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution pattern and driving forces of the innovation ability of Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2001 to 2016. The results show: 1) The overall difference of innovation ability between prefecture-level cities continues to expand, but it tends to decline slowly since 2008. There exits significantly spatial agglomeration phenomenon of innovation ability. 2) The local spatial structure of prefecture-level cities’ innovation ability is relatively stable, and the innovative and dynamic cities are scattered in provincial capitals or regional centre. Among them, the eastern coastal cities have relatively stable multi-region innovation poles to enhance innovation vitality, while the innovation environment in the central and western regions is weak as a whole, and the high level innovative cities are mostly located in the regional centers with strong economic strength. 3) The evolution of the innovation ability of prefecture-level cities shows the fixed "core-edge" spatial structure, and it appears to be time-varying cumulative and inertial effects. As a result, the synergistic high growth of prefecture-level cities’ innovation ability is weak, resulting in aggravated differentiation of innovation level. 4) The spatio-temporal differentiation pattern of prefecture-level cities’ innovation ability is the result of the comprehensive effect of multidimensional local quality of place. Local service quality, consumption quality, information level, infrastructure construction and medical service quality have important effect on local innovation ability, while local ecological environment quality, convenient transportation and absorbing foreign investment quality have weak impact on innovation ability. In the future, the investment and construction of local quality should be the key to gather high-end innovation talents.