抗病促生复合芽孢杆菌水分散粒剂的研制与应用

Preparation and application of compound Bacillus sp.water dispersible granules with disease resistance and growth promoting activity

【背景】乳油、可湿性粉剂和粉剂等生物制剂含有苯类有机溶剂及粉尘,会对环境造成污染,而水分散粒剂具有环境友好性、附加值高、市场潜力大等优点,被认为是最具发展前景的剂型之一,然而关于复合芽孢杆菌水分散颗粒的研究却很少。【目的】利用解淀粉芽孢杆菌BZ6-1和短小芽孢杆菌SC-12研制成一种复合芽孢杆菌水分散粒剂。【方法】通过生物相容性实验,研究不同载体和助剂对两种芽孢杆菌孢子的影响,以筛选出最佳载体和添加剂。通过质量检测实验,研究不同筛孔直径、干燥温度、干燥时间对水分散性颗粒质量的影响,以优化制粒条件。在辣椒定植后,使用不同剂量的水分散粒剂进行田间辣椒试验。【结果】复合芽孢杆菌水分散粒剂最佳配方:润湿剂4%十二烷基硫酸钠,分散剂6%羧甲基纤维素钠,崩解剂4%硫酸铵,粘结剂4%聚乙二醇,载体82%硅藻土;最佳造粒条件为:筛孔粒径0.8 mm,烘干温度40°C,烘干时间45 min。研制出的复合芽孢杆菌水分散粒剂含菌量为2.52×108CFU/g,悬浮率为79.3%,pH6.8,水分含量为4.5%,湿润时间为19.6 s,崩解时间为86.4 s,颗粒强度适中,符合水分散粒剂国家标准。【结论】研制出的复合芽孢杆菌水分散粒剂能够有效防治辣椒青枯病,并提高辣椒的产量和品质,推荐复合芽孢杆菌水分散粒剂最适用量为3.0 kg/hm2。

[Background]Common biological agents such as emulsifiable concentrate(EC),wettablepowders(WP),dustpowder(DP)and other biological agents contain benzene and derivatives as organic solvents and dust,which could cause pollution to the environment.Water dispersible granule is considered as one of the most promising dosage forms owing to its environmental friendliness,high added value,and large market potential.However,there are few studies on the compound Bacillus sp.water dispersible granules.[Objective]To prepare a compound water dispersible granule using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BZ6-1 and Bacillus pumilus SC-12,and evaluate its antimicrobial effects on suppression against bacterial wilt in pepper.[Methods]The effects of different carriers and auxiliaries on the spores of two kinds of Bacillus were investigated in a biocompatibility experiment to select optimal carriers and additives.The effects of different sieve diameter,drying temperature,drying time on the quality of water dispersible granules investigated in a quality inspection experiment to optimize the granulation conditions.Field pepper experiment was conducted by spraying different dosage after planting to field.[Results]The best formula included 4%sodium dodecyl sulfate(wetting agent),6%sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(dispersant),4%ammonium sulfate(disintegrating agent),4%polyethylene glycol(binder),and 82%diatomite(carrier).The optimum conditions for granulation were mesh size 0.8 mm,drying temperature of 40°C,drying time of 45 min.The optimal water dispersible granule,which meets the national standards for wetting powder,was developed with bacteria content of 2.52×108 CFU/g,suspension rate of 79.3%,pH 6.8,water content of 4.5%,wetting time of 19.6 s,disintegration time of 86.4 s,and moderate particle strength.[Conclusion]Compound Bacillus sp.water dispersible granules effectively controlled pepper bacterial wilt and improved the yield and quality of pepper.The most suitable application rates of as-prepared dispersible granules were recommended to be 3.0 kg/hm2.