中国宪法文本中的“内”与“外”

“Interior”and“Exterior”of the Text of the Chinese Constitution

现行宪法文本中的“内”“外”,是指中国这个社会主义的统一多民族国家对内的国家整合方式、对外的外交政策与世界秩序理解。现行宪法文本中的“内”的叙事维度,主要体现在行政区划的基本设置、统一多民族国家的宪制建构、国家统一和中华民族认同等方面;“外”的维度,则是宪法序言第十二段关于坚持独立自主的对外政策、坚持和平共处五项原则、推动构建人类命运共同体等关涉我国外交原则和世界秩序理解等内容。现行宪法文本中的“内”与“外”,呈现的是国家建设空间维度的一体两面;无论是统一多民族国家对内的国家整合,还是对外的外交政策与世界秩序理解,都是建立在特定的空间理解基础之上的;现行宪法文本中的内、外叙事,正是对这种何谓“中国”、中国“何为”的空间理解与建立在这种空间理解基础上的政治秩序的塑造记载。2018年,将“中华民族伟大复兴”“推动构建人类命运共同体”载入宪法,体现的正是这样一种旨在“统筹国内国际两个大局”,应对“百年未有之大变局”的国际形势,实现“两个一百年”伟大奋斗目标的政治努力。

The“interior”and“exterior”of the text of the current Constitution refer to the internal ways of national integration,and the foreign policies as well as the understanding of world order of the socialist unified multi-ethnic Chinese nation.The“interior”narrative dimension of the text of the current constitution is mainly embodied in the basic settings of administrative divisions,the constitutional construction of the unified multi-ethnic nation,the national unity and the identity of the Chinese nation.The“exterior”dimension refers to adherence to an independent foreign policy of peace as well as five principles of peaceful coexistence,and promotion of building a community with a shared future for mankind and so on in terms of China’s diplomatic principles and the understanding of world order in the twelfth paragraph of the constitution preamble.Two sides have been presented of a spatial dimension in regards to nation-building in the“interior”and“exterior”of the text of the current Constitution.In 2018,“the revitalization of China”and“promotion of building a community with a shared future for mankind”were enshrined in the Constitution,which reflected such a political effort aimed at“balancing our domestic and international interests”,coping with the international situation of“great changes not seen in a century”,and achieving the“Two Centenary Goals”.