低速重载开式硬齿面齿条胶合损伤影响因素分析

Analysis of factors affecting scuffing damage of open hard rack under low speed and heavy load

针对三峡升船机齿条试验中齿条齿面出现的胶合损伤,分析了低速重载开式硬齿面齿条胶合损伤的影响因素。根据Dowson-Higginson公式,推导出了渐开线齿轮齿条传动的最小油膜厚度计算公式,计算了试验中5个阶段的单位接触载荷、最小油膜厚度和膜厚比,并分析了胶合损伤的影响因素,为低速重载开式硬齿面齿轮齿条传动机构的设计提供了参考。结果表明:三峡齿条试验中的齿条齿面基本均处于边界润滑状态,齿条齿顶为润滑状况最差的部位;较高的转速会降低出现胶合损伤的风险,较低的转速产生的胶合损伤更为严重;载荷对胶合损伤的影响较小,供油条件对胶合损伤有关键影响;良好的供油条件能大大降低出现胶合损伤的可能性,瞬时冲击会增大出现胶合损伤的风险。

For the scuffing damage of rack surface in the rack test of Three Gorges Ship Lift,the factors affecting the scuffing damage of open hard rack surface under low speed heavy load are analyzed.According to Dowson-Higginson formula,the formula for calculating the minimum oil film thickness of involute pinion and rack is derived.The unit contact load,minimum oil film thickness and film thickness ratio of five stages are calculated.The factors affecting the scuffing damage are analyzed,which provides a reference for the design of open hard pinion and rack transmission mechanism under low speed and heavy load.The results show that the rack surface in the Three Gorges rack test is basically in the boundary lubrication state,and the top of rack surface is the worst part of the lubrication condition.Higher rotational speed reduces the risk of scuffing damage,and lower rotational speed causes more serious scuffing damage.The load has a smaller impact on the scuffing damage,and the oil supply condition has a key impact on the scuffing damage.Good oil supply conditions can greatly reduce the possibility of the rack scuffing failure,and instantaneous impact will increase the risk of scuffing damage.