科学哲学视域下软件开发方案评价标准的研究

Research on the Evaluation Standard of Software Development Scheme from the Perspective of Philosophy of Science

文章从全新的视角对软件开发方案评价标准的问题进行深入研究,通过把科学哲学家托马斯·库恩和拉卡托斯的科学发展模式思想与软件开发活动过程进行细致的对比,揭示出软件开发方案评价的相对性标准和成功方案的演变规律及体系结构。相对的评判标准取决四个方面:目标问题是否得到妥善解决;物质资源的利用率是否达到最优;人力资源的能力是否发挥最优;使用的方法策略是否最合理。通过找到四者之间的函数关系,进一步得出对评价标准产生影响的三类因素:时空环境因素、人的世界观、人的能力因素,其中时空环境因素和人的能力因素是影响评价标准的决定性因素。

This paper makes an in-depth study on the evaluation standard of software development scheme from a new perspective,and makes a detailed comparison between the scientific development model thought of the scientific philosophers Thomas Kuhn and Imre Lakatos and the process of software development activities.the relative standard of software development scheme evaluation and the evolution law and architecture of successful scheme are revealed.The relative evaluation criteria depend on four aspects:whether the target problem is properly solved;whether the utilization rate of material resources is optimal;whether the ability of human resources is the best;whether the methods and strategies used are the most reasonable.By finding the functional relationship among the four,it is further concluded that there are three kinds of factors that affect the evaluation criteria:spatio-temporal environment factor,human world outlook and human ability factor.Among them,spatio-temporal environment factor and human ability factor are the decisive factors that affect the evaluation standard.