乡村振兴背景下乡村旅游扶贫模式升级研究——以福建南靖土楼景区为例

Research on the Upgrading of Poverty Alleviation Model of Rural Tourism Development——Taking NanJing Tulou Scenic Spot as an Example

乡村旅游的益贫性使乡村旅游发展具有较强的扶贫功能,成为我国重要的扶贫工具。随着我国乡村经济由脱贫向振兴的战略转变,乡村旅游的扶贫模式面临着升级转型。文章以福建省南靖土楼景区为例,利用益贫式增长和益贫式旅游理论,分析南靖土楼景区旅游发展的扶贫性质。认为南靖土楼景区的旅游发展具有第一层次的益贫特征,是一般意义上的益贫。这一扶贫模式虽然能够使绝对贫困人口脱贫,但会导致贫富差异的扩大,不能实现乡村居民的共同富余。最后,以共同富余为目标,提出了实现扶贫模式升级的对策建议。

The development of rural tourism has a great function in poverty alleviation and is an important tool for national poverty alleviation,also an important way to realize rural revitalization and common prosperity.However,the relative deprivation behavior in the development of rural tourism will weaken the poverty alleviation function of tourism,hinder rural revitalization and realization of common prosperity.Taking the Tulou scenic spot of Nanjing as an example,based on the theory of relative deprivation and the theory of pro-poor growth,the paper analyzes the relative deprivation behavior existed in the development of rural tourism from four aspects including policy deprivation,rights deprivation,opportunity deprivation,and benefits deprivation.It is pointed out that,the development of rural tourism can gradually reduce or eliminate the degree of relative deprivation and gradually achieve the goal of common prosperity only if the development of rural tourism is upgraded from the mode of general pro-poor growth to the mode of relative pro-poor growth,finally develop into absolute pro-poor growth mode,can gradually reduce or eliminate the degree of relative deprivation,achieve the goal of common prosperity.Finally,starting from the goal of rural revitalization and common surplus,puts forward the theoretical basis,path and concrete measures of upgrading the poverty alleviation model of rural tourism.