中国出口制造业投入服务化水平测度——基于贸易增加值视角

Measurement of the Servitization of China's Export Manufacturing Input:Based on Added Trade Value

本文根据2018版OECD-ICIO数据,采用贸易增加值测算法测度了2005-2015年中国出口制造业投入服务化水平,我们发现:在考虑出口二元结构的条件下,2005-2015年中国制造业整体投入服务化水平平均值为26.89%,呈上升趋势;国内投入服务化水平高于国外且呈现出不断"以国内服务替代国外服务"的变动趋势;相比于一般贸易,加工贸易出口制造业投入服务化水平更高但增速较缓,加工贸易国内服务投入比重较低但服务化增速较快;相比于资本和知识密集型制造业,劳动密集型制造业的高端生产性服务尤其是国内高端服务投入比重较低。

According to the 2018 edition of the OECD-ICIO data, the added value of trade measure method is used to measure Chinas’ export manufacturing investment service level from 2005 to 2015.We find that under the condition of considering the dual structure of export, the overall input level of the manufacturing industry in China from 2005 to 2015 is 26.89% on average, showing an upward trend. The servitization level of domestic input is higher than that of foreign input and presents a changing trend of"replacing foreign service with domestic service." Compared with general trade, the servitization level of processing trade export manufacturing industry input is higher but the growth rate is slower, while the domestic service input ratio of processing trade is lower but the domestic servitization growth rate is faster. Compared with capital-intensive and knowledge-intensive manufacturing, labor-intensive manufacturing industries invest less in high-end productive services, especially domestic high-end services.