在有用与有趣之间——司马光诗学思想探论

Between Useful and Interesting:On Sima Guang's Poetic Thoughts

司马光是一位高产的诗人,有着丰富的诗论、文论作品。他以公私分明的态度,将实用的道德论调与消闲的娱乐倾向结合起来,形成了较为系统的诗学思想。在关乎立德治国等严肃重大的事情上,他严厉斥责诗歌文辞的浮华无用、伤风败德,强烈抵制以诗歌才能的高低作为选拔人才的标准,同时呼吁尽量剥除诗歌的华丽外衣,使之尽可能地符合儒家诗教的特点。在私人交游娱乐的领域,他则是一位诗歌艺术的热爱者,善于用诗歌来抒情、娱乐、增进友谊,并反对骚体的伤感文学。此外,又作有《续诗话》若干则,包括戏谑、教化在内的多重取诗标准,显示出难能可贵的通达。

Sima Guang is a prolific poet with a wealth of works on poetry and literary theory.With a clear attitude between public and private,he combined practical moral theories with leisure and entertainment tendencies to form a more systematic poetic thought.Regarding serious and important matters such as ethics and governance,he severely rebuked the poems for their superficiality and depravity.He strongly resisted using the superiority of poetry as the criterion for selecting talents.At the same time,he called for the removal of the gorgeous coat of poetry as much as possible.It conforms to the characteristics of Confucian poetry as much as possible.In the field of private entertainment and entertainment,he is a lover of poetry art,good at using poetry to lyric,entertain,and promote friendship,and oppose the sad literature of Sao style.In addition,he also wrote several pieces of"Xu Shi Hua",including the multiple criteria for selecting poems,including joking and enlightenment,which showed valuable understanding.