从血缘到地缘:农村代际互助拓展的可能与范式

From Blood to Geography:The Possibility and Paradigm of Intergenerational Cooperation

在农村家庭养老功能弱化、社会化养老服务欠缺的现实背景下,发展农村轻老之间的代际互助符合中国农村养老的实际和需求,亦对深入推进乡村振兴战略具有重要现实意义。文章通过对血缘和地缘基础上代际互助传统的纵向梳理,探讨了促进农村代际互助从血缘向地缘拓展的可能,并对当前“老老互助”与“轻老互助”两种实践范式及存在的问题进行了分析,最后从国家政策、社区文化、资源传递、村庄建设四个方面提出了以地缘为纽带的农村代际互助发展路向,即构建代际互助支持政策,弘扬社区互助文化,吸纳市场资源与社会力量,协同推进村庄建设。

In the context of the weakening of rural family supporting function for the elderly and the lack of socialized elderly care service,developing intergenerational cooperation between the young and the old is in line with the reality and the needs of rural elderly care service in China,and it is also of great practical significance to the further promotion of the rural revitalization strategy.By sorting out the tradition of intergenerational cooperation based on blood and geography,this paper explores the possibility of promoting rural intergenerational cooperation from blood to geography,and analyzes the two existing practice paradigms and problems of“cooperation between the aged”and“cooperation between the young and the old”.This paper proposes the directions in which rural intergenerational cooperation may be developed based on geography from the four perspectives of policy,community culture,resource transmission and village construction,that is,making intergenerational cooperation policies,promoting community cooperation culture,absorbing market resources and social forces,and promoting village construction.