基于共生理论的中华民族多元一体关系实证研究

AN EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON DIVERSITY IN UNITY RELATIONSHIP OF THE CHINESE NATION BASED ON SYMBIOSIS THEORY

借鉴生态学共生理论,以我国少数民族自治区和汉族地区2000~2018年的面板数据为例,建立民族共生关系评价指标体系,对各民族共生关系进行实证考察,并以共生系数构建民族共生网络,通过计算民族共生网络的节点中心度、网络密度和网络中心势,反映我国各民族共生关系的演化进程。研究发现:汉族对少数民族的影响由强趋弱,少数民族的影响则由弱变强,民族间的关系由寄生、非对称互惠共生向对称性互惠共生趋近;民族共生网络由汉、维双中心结构逐渐演变为维吾尔族单一中心结构,民族间的关系渐趋于弱连接状态。反映了各民族在保持各自政治、经济、文化等方面的独立性上趋向民族生态的均衡和稳定,揭示了中华民族多元一体关系的内在结构及其演化过程。

Drawing on the symbiosis theory of ecology,taking the panel data from China's minority autonomous region and Han area since 2000 to 2018 as an example,and establishing an evaluation index system for ethnic symbiosis relations,this research carries out empirical investigation on the symbiotic relationship of all ethnic groups,and builds a national symbiosis network with the symbiosis coefficient to reflect the evolutionary process of the symbiotic relationship of all ethnic groups in China by calculating the node centrality,network density,and network centricity of the national symbiosis network.The results show that the influence of Han group on minorities is declining,while the influence of minorities on Han group is increasing.The relationships between all ethnic groups change from parasitism,asymmetric mutualism to approaching symmetric mutualism,and the ethnic symbiotic network gradually evolves from the Han-Uygur dual center structure to the single center structure of Uygur,and the relations among ethnic groups tend to link weakly.The finding reflects that the ethnic ecology of all ethnic groups is trending to a balanced and stable condition in terms of maintaining their respective independence on politic,economy,and culture,revealing the internal structure and evolutionary process of Chinese nation's diversity in unity relationship.