乡土情结与振兴乡村:中国乡村人类学研究进路与展望

RURAL COMPLEX AND RURAL REVITALIZATION:APPROACHES AND PROSPECTS OF CHINESE RURAL ANTHROPOLOGY

人类学自传入中国以来,就与乡村结下了不解之缘,形成乡村人类学这一重要分支学科。伴随着改革开放的进程,乡村经历了广泛而深刻的变革,乡村人类学从自身学科视角出发,对农业科技化、产业化与村落社会经济转型、乡村环境保护与生态文明建设、流动的农民与乡村都市化、农民再组织化与乡村治理、旅游与乡村发展变迁、乡村传统文化保护与传承等主题进行深入调查与研究,成绩斐然。站在新的历史节点,乡村人类学一方面应延续记录追踪乡村社会变迁、推进乡村发展的学科使命,另一方面也应紧随时代步伐,关注乡村新生事物、加强跨学科交流、开拓研究视野、深化学科理论与方法,积极回应“乡村何去何从”这一时代问题。

Since the introduction of anthropology to China,it has forged an indissoluble bond with the countryside,forming an important branch of rural anthropology.In the process of reform and opening up,the village has undergone extensive and profound changes.Rural anthropology has conducted in-depth investigations and researches on many subjects such as Agricultural science and technology,industrialization and social economic transformation of villages,rural environmental protection and ecological civilization construction,mobile farmers and rural urbanization,farmers reorganization and rural governance,tourism and rural development and changes,rural traditional cultural protection and inheritance from the perspective of its own discipline,and has achieved remarkable results.Standing at a new historical node,on the one hand,rural anthropology should continue the disciplinary mission of recording and tracking rural social changes and promoting rural development.On the other hand,it should keep pace with the times,pay attention to new things in rural areas,strengthen interdisciplinary exchanges,broaden research fields,deepen its academic theories and methods,and actively explore the possibility of rural development in the future.