试析马来西亚的难民治理及其矛盾性

Refugee Governance in Malaysia and its Contradiction

自独立建国以来,马来西亚持续接收难民,已然成为东南亚第一大难民接收国。然而,马来西亚的难民治理充满矛盾,这种矛盾性体现在其难民治理的数量与效能并非单向度的,而是呈现出接纳与限制、控制与援助等各种对立情形相互交织的复杂图景。马来西亚难民治理所呈现出的矛盾性是多种因素共同作用的结果,即马来西亚经济发展对劳工的需求、提升其在整个伊斯兰世界的威望等诉求以及对难民问题复杂性的认知相对滞后等因素均有影响。由于导致马来西亚难民治理呈现出矛盾性的相关因素在未来将动态演化,所以这种矛盾性也会呈现出新的变化。

Since its independence,Malaysia has been receiving refugees continuously and has become the largest refugee receiving country among Southeast Asian countries.However,Malaysia is full of contradictions in the refugee governance,which is reflected in the fact that the number and effectiveness of its refugee governance are not a one-way domain,presenting a complex picture of acceptance and restriction,control and assistance and other unified opposites.The contradictions of Malaysia refugee governance are the result of a combination of many factors,namely,the interest-appeals of Malaysia on the demand for its labor for economic development and its pursuit of prestige in the entire Islamic world,and Malaysia’s overall understanding of refugee and its governance issues being relatively backward.Due to the dynamic evolution of the concerned factors that lead to the contradictions of the refugee governance in Malaysia in the future,these contradictions will also display new changes.