宋代文学中的兰花意象

The Orchid Images in the Literary Works of the Song Dynasty

"兰"是中国古代文学中的重要意象和题材,在宋代古今兰之争的背景下,"今兰"兰花成为一种深受文人喜爱的花卉,兰花意象、题材的文学创作也随之兴起发展,在宋代文学中占有重要地位。宋人对兰花的审美认识主要表现在自然形象、神韵特征及人格象征三个方面。宋人通过对兰花形态、习性等自然形象方面的审美观照,在主观情感及人格意志的作用下,揭示了兰花的种种神韵品格美,在此基础上,兰花的道德人格象征意义又得以强化,尤其是君子人格象征意义得到宋人的高度认可,使兰花成为一种"君子"之花。

"Lan"was an important image and subject in ancient Chinese literature.In the context of the conflict between"Gu Lan"and"Jin Lan"of Song Dynasty,"Jin Lan"(orchid)became a kind of popular flower,at the same time,the literary creation of orchid images and subjects had been developed,which played an important position in the literature of the Song Dynasty.The orchid images’aesthetic conntation of the Song Dynasty was mainly embodied in three aspects:natural image,spiritual character and personality symbol.Under the influence of subjective emotion and personality the literati of the Song Dynasty had explored the charm of orchid images by observing its natural characteristic.On this basis,the personality symbol of orchid images were strengthened,especially the gentleman personality symbol of orchid images highly recognized by the literati of Song Dynasty,so that the orchid images became a kind of"gentleman"flower.