猪源和人源嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌耐药性对比研究

Comparative study on drug resistance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from swine and human

为了探讨猪源耐药菌在人源嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,SMA)感染治疗过程中的作用,对比分析猪和养猪场饲养员SMA的耐药谱型,试验从贵州省QC、YC、QL、FR、WL、JH、GYS、YX、YP、LS、ZD这11家规模化养猪场采集猪的口腔拭子与肛门拭子和猪场饲养员的口腔拭子,应用选择性培养基和特异性PCR方法分离鉴定SMA,再用微量肉汤稀释法测定分离菌对25种常用抗菌药物的MIC值,并对其中QC、QL、WL和JH这4家规模化养猪场采用独立样本t检验法对比同一规模化养猪场猪源与人源SMA MIC值的相关性。结果表明:共分离得到猪源SMA 171株,人源SMA 65株;猪源与人源SMA对头孢西丁、头孢噻呋、米诺环素及左氧氟沙星均较敏感,上述药物比较适合用于治疗SMA引起的感染,而其余测试药物耐药水平较高,不推荐用于临床治疗;在QC、QL、WL和JH这4家规模化养猪场中,猪源SMA与人源SMA的MIC值并不总保持一致。说明猪源SMA的耐药性可能传递到人源SMA上,但传递并不迅速,饲养员在与猪长时间接触后耐药性会趋同。

In order to investigate the role of pig-derived drug-resistant bacteria in the treatment of human-derived Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(SMA) infection, a comparative analysis of SMA resistance patterns between breeders and pigs was carried out. In this experiment, the nasal test and anal test of pigs and the oral test of pig breeders were captured in 11 standardized pig farms(QC, YC, QL, FR, WL, JH, GYS, YX, YP, LS and ZD). SMA was isolated by selective medium separation and specific PCR, and the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) value of 25 commonly used antibiotics was determined by broth dilution method. And the independent sample t test was used to compare the correlation between the MIC values of the pig source and the human source SMA in the four pig farms of QC, QL, WL and JH. The results showed that 171 strains of SMA from pigs and 65 strains of SMA from humans were isolated;Pig-derived and human-derived SMA were sensitive to cefoxitin, ceftiofur, minocycline and levofloxacin, which were more suitable for the treatment of SMA infection, while the drug resistance level of other test drugs was higher, so it was not recommended for clinical treatment. According to the MIC values of QC, QL, WL and JH, the MIC values of pig-derived SMA and human-derived SMA were not always consistent. It indicated that the resistance of pig SMA may be transmitted to human SMA, but the transmission is not rapid. The drug resistance of breeders will converge after long-term contact with pigs.