氯胺酮-右美托咪定-地佐辛复合麻醉对兔麻醉效果观察

Evaluation on the anaesthetic effect of KDZ compound anaesthetic on rabbits

为了探讨氯胺酮-右美托咪定-地佐辛复合麻醉(KDZ复合麻醉剂)对试验兔麻醉时间、生理参数(心率、呼吸频率、平均动脉血压、血氧饱和度、直肠体温等)、麻醉效果(镇痛、镇静、肌松等)及兔血液学参数和肝脏、肾脏功能指标的影响,试验选取5只新西兰兔肌肉注射KDZ复合麻醉剂进行麻醉,用多功能监护仪记录试验兔的麻醉时间,从麻醉前(0分钟)开始,每5 min记录试验兔生理参数至麻醉后第65分钟,每10 min记录麻醉效果至麻醉后第60分钟;分别于麻醉前、麻醉后5,30,60分钟及苏醒后30分钟采静脉血,检测血液学参数和肝脏、肾脏功能指标变化,评价KDZ复合麻醉制剂对兔的麻醉效果和肝脏、肾脏毒性。结果表明:麻醉诱导期为(1.2±0.2)min,麻醉维持时间为(64.2±2.1)min,苏醒期为(20.7±5.0)min;试验兔心率、呼吸频率、平均动脉血压均呈现先升高后降低趋势;血氧饱和度在麻醉后呈现先下降后升高趋势,最低降至89.4%,从麻醉后10分钟开始与麻醉前比较差异显著(P<0.05);直肠体温在麻醉后呈现下降趋势,但与麻醉前比较差异不显著(P>0.05);KDZ复合麻醉剂镇静、镇痛及肌松效果均衡、良好;麻醉前后兔血液学参数和肝脏、肾脏功能指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明KDZ复合麻醉剂诱导迅速,对兔血液学参数无明显影响,也无肝脏、肾脏毒性,可提供60 min的良好麻醉时间,麻醉效果确实,可满足临床常规活组织检查需要。

In order to explore the effect of ketamine-dexmedetomidine-dezocne compound anesthesia(KDZ compound anesthetic) on the anesthesia time, physiological parameters(heart rate, respiratory rate, mean arterial blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, rectal body temperature, etc.) and anesthesia of experimental rabbits(analgesia, sedation, muscle relaxation, etc.) and the influence of rabbit hematological parameters and liver and kidney function parameters, five New Zealand rabbits were selected by intramuscular injection of KDZ compound anesthetic for anesthesia, and the anesthesia time of the test rabbits was recorded with a multifunctional monitor. From before anesthesia, the experimental rabbit physiological parameters were recorded every 5 min to the 65 th min, and the anesthetic effect was recorded every 10 min to the 60 th min after anesthesia. Venous blood was collected at 0(before anesthesia), 5, 30, 60 min after anesthesia, and 30 min after awakening, to detect the changes in blood, viscera, and kidney function parameters, which was used to evaluate the anaesthetic effect and hepatorenal toxicity of the KDZ compound anesthesia on rabbits. The results showed that the induction period of anesthesia was(1.2±0.2) min, the maintenance time of anesthesia was(64.2±2.1) min, and the recovery period was(20.7±5.0) min;The heart rate, respiratory rate, and mean arterial blood pressure of the experimental rabbits all increased first and then decreased;After anesthesia, the blood oxygen saturation showed a trend of first decrease and then increase, the lowest dropped to 89.4%, and the difference was significant from 10 min after anesthesia and before anesthesia(P<0.05);The rectal body temperature showed a downward trend after anesthesia, but it was not significantly different from that before anesthesia(P>0.05);KDZ compound anesthetic had a balanced and good sedative, analgesic and muscle relaxation effect;There was no significant difference in rabbit hematology parameters and liver and kidney function parameters before and after anesthesia(P>0.05). It indicated that KDZ compound anesthetic induced anesthesia quickly, and had no obvious effect on rabbit hematological parameters and had no liver and kidney toxicity. It may provide a good anesthesia time of 60 min, and the anesthesia effect could meet the needs of clinical routine biopsy.