基于地形地貌差异的三峡库区山区土地利用功能演变研究——以重庆市开州区岳溪镇为例

Research on the Evolution of Land Use Function in Mountainous Area of Three Gorges Reservoir Area Based on Topographic and Geomorphologic Difference:Taking Yuexi Town,Kaizhou District,Chongqing Municipality as an Example

【目的】基于地形地貌差异研究三峡库区典型平行岭谷区土地利用的功能演变。【方法】以重庆市开州区岳溪镇为研究区,构建了三生功能体系并借助土地利用转移矩阵,分析了2008—2018年研究区岭、谷土地利用功能结构和动态转移的差异。【结果】2008—2018年,槽谷区土地利用的生产功能和生活功能与岭区相比占有优势,且发展势头良好;陡坡型山岭土地利用以生态功能为主导,土地利用功能格局稳定;缓坡型山岭的生产功能用地较多,但生产功能强度快速下降,正向陡坡型山岭的土地利用功能格局发展。2008—2014年,岭、谷区域土地利用转移皆以农产品生产功能向人工/自然生态功能的转移为主导,2014—2018年,槽谷区的居住功能的提升较明显;陡坡型山岭土地功能转移格局变化甚微;缓坡型山岭土地复垦现象较明显,以人工/自然生态功能向农产品生产功能转移为主导。根据区域不同地形地貌下土地利用功能的演变特征可总结出生产稳定型、生产衰退型、生活发展型、生态稳定型和生态发展型共5种类型。【结论】在社会经济和自然因素共同作用下,研究区岭、谷土地利用功能演变存在耦合变化,呈现出"槽谷趋向性"特征,具有一定的转型趋势,整个区域趋于生态化。

[Purposes]Carrying out a study of the evolution of land use functions in the typical parallel ridge valley area of the Three Gorges reservoir based on topographic and geomorphologic difference.[Methods]It takes Yuexi Town,Kaizhou District,Chongqing Municipality as an example,and builds a"production-living-ecology"system.With the help of the land use transfer matrix,it analyzes the differences between the land use function structure and dynamic changes in ridge and valley from 2008 to 2018.[Findings]From 2008 to 2018,the production and living functions of land use in the trough valley area are superior to those in the ridge area,and the development momentum is good.The land use of steep-slope mountains is dominated by ecological functions,and the landuse function pattern is stable;the gentle-slope mountains have more land for production functions,but the intensity of production functions declines rapidly,and it is developing towards the land-use function pattern of steep-slope mountains.From 2008 to 2014,the land use transfer in the ridge and valley regions was dominated by the transfer of agricultural product production functions to artificial/natural ecological functions.From 2014 to 2018,the improvement of the residential function of the trough area is more obvious.Very little change in land use function transfer pattern of steep-slope mountains.The phenomenon of land reclamation in the flatter mountain is more obvious,mainly for the conversion of artificial/natural ecological functions to agricultural productive functions.According to the different evolution of land use functions in different terrains of the region,five types of production stability,production decline,life development,ecological stability and ecological development can be summarized.[Conclusions]Under the combined effects of socio-economic and natural factors,there is a coupling change in the evolution of the land use function of the ridge and valley,showing the characteristics of "trough valley trend",and there is a certain transformation trend:the entire area tends to be ecological.