“现代”的焦虑:战争语境下沈从文对湘西的“再体验”

Anxiety of Modernity——Shen Congwen’s Re-experience of Western Hunan in the Context of War

抗战初期,大量文人作家跟随政府或单位西迁,他们获得的不仅仅是空间变化的体验,更是获得了以“现代”来观察“边地中国”的视野。就沈从文而言,“重回湘西”的体验不仅再次彰显了他文化意识中的矛盾性,还让他获得了重新审视湘西的机会。在这个过程中,他逐渐对自己过去的湘西叙写模式提出质疑,进而产生了“重写湘西”的文学志业。重新研探抗战历史语境下沈从文的“返乡”体验,对于考察其文艺思想观念的转变具有特殊意义,也为研究者重新回顾“五四”以来中国文学经验与文学传统的变迁提供了一个新的典型视点。

In the early period of the Anti-Japanese Aggression War,a large number of literati and writers moved westward with the government or departments.What they gained was not only the experience of spatial change,but also the vision of observing the remote border areas of China with modernity.As far as Shen Congwen was concerned,the experience of returning to Western Hunan not only highlighted the contradiction in his cultural consciousness,but also gave him the opportunity to reexamine it.In this process,he had questioned his own narrative mode,and gradually produced the literary ambition of rewriting Western Hunan.It is of special significance for investigating the change of his literary ideas to re-explore Shen Congwen’s experience of returning home in the historical context of the Anti-Japanese Aggression War,which also provides a new typical perspective for researchers to review the changes of Chinese literary experience and literary tradition since the May 4th Movement.